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    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR INITIALIZING AND MAPPING REFERENCE SIGNALS IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM An apparatus and method for initializing and mapping reference signals in a communication system. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a processor (520) and memory (550) including computer program code. The memory (550) and computer program code are configured to, with the processor (520), cause the apparatus to generate a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks corresponding to a bandwidth of one communication system, and allocate resource elements from an assigned physical resource block of the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment. The memory (550) and computer program code are further configured to, with the processor (520), cause the apparatus to generate a reference signal dedicated to the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal. according to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block.
    公开号:BR112012003080B1
    申请号:R112012003080-9
    申请日:2010-08-17
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Mieszko Chimiel；Peter Skov；Tommi Koivisto；Xiang Guang Che；Timo Roman
    申请人:Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] The present invention is directed, in general, to communication systems and, in particular, to an apparatus and method for initializing and mapping reference signals in a communication system. BACKGROUND
    [002] Long Term Evolution ("LTE") of the Third Generation Partnership Project ("3GPP"), also referred to as 3GPP LTE, refers to research and development involving 3GPP Release 8 and later, which is the commonly used name to describe an ongoing industry effort aimed at identifying technologies and capabilities that can improve systems such as the universal mobile telecommunications system ("UMTS"). The goals of this broad-based project include improving communication efficiency, reducing costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum opportunities, and achieving better integration with other open standards. Further developments in these areas are also referred to as Long-Term-Advanced Evolution ("LTE-A").
    [003] The evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network ("E-UTRAN") in 3 GPP includes base stations providing user plane protocol terminations (including packet data convergence protocol/radio link control/control of media access/physical sublayers ("PDCP/RLC/MAC/PHY")) and control plane (including radio resource control sublayer ("RRC")) toward wireless communication devices such as telephones cell phones. A wireless communication device or terminal is generally known as a user equipment ("UE") or a mobile station ("MS"). A base station is an entity of a communication network often referred to as a Node B or an NB. Particularly in E-UTRAN, an "evolved" base station is referred to as an eNodeB or an eNB. For details on the overall architecture of E-UTRAN, see 3GPP Technical Specification ("TS") 36.300, v8.5.0 (2008-05), which is incorporated herein by reference. The terms base station, NB, eNB, and cell generally refer to equipment providing the wireless network interface in a cellular telephone system, and will be used interchangeably herein, and include cellular telephone systems other than those designed under 3GPP standards.
    [004] Orthogonal frequency division multiplex(action) ("OFDM") is a multi-carrier data transmission technique that is advantageously used in radio frequency based communication systems such as 3GPP E-UTRAN/LTE/3.9 G, IEEE 802.16d/e Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ("WiMAX"), IEEE 802.1 la/WiFi, fixed wireless access ("FWA"), high-performance radio local area network ("HiperLAN"), digital audio broadcast, ("DAB"), digital video broadcast ("DVB"), and others including digital cable subscriber lines ("DSLs"). OFDM systems typically divide the available frequency spectrum into a plurality of carriers that are transmitted in a sequence of time slots. Each of the plurality of carriers has a narrow bandwidth and is modulated with a low rate data stream. The carriers are closely spaced and the orthogonal separation of the carriers controls inter-carrier interference ("ICI").
    [005] When generating an OFDM signal, each carrier is assigned a data stream that is sampled from a constellation of allowable sample values based on a modulation scheme such as quadrature amplitude modulation ("QAM," ) including binary phase shift keying ("BPSK"), quadrature phase shift keying ("QPSK"), and higher order variants (16QAM, 64QAM, etc), and the like. Once phases and amplitudes are determined for the particular samples, the samples are converted to time-domain signals for transmission. A sequence of samples, like a sequence of 128 samples, is collectively assembled into a "symbol". Typically, OFDM systems use an inverse discrete Fourier transform ("iDFT") such as an inverse fast Fourier transform ("iFFT") to perform conversion of the symbols to a sequence of time-domain sample amplitudes that are employed to form a waveform transmitted in the time domain. iFFT is an efficient process for mapping data onto orthogonal subcarriers. The time domain waveform is then upconverted to the radio frequency ("RF") of the appropriate carrier and transmitted. A particular problem for system operation including OFDM is the calibration of the frequency of a local oscillator in the user equipment and the absolute time in the user equipment so that an OFDM signal can be accurately detected and demodulated.
    [006] As wireless communication systems such as cell phone, satellite, and microwave communication systems become widely deployed and continue to attract an increasing number of users, there is a pressing need to accommodate a large and variable number of wireless devices. communication transmitting a growing range of communication applications with fixed communication capabilities. 3GPP is currently studying several potential enhancements to 3GPP LTE Release 8 to specify a new system called LTE-Advanced, which is assumed to comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced ("IMT-Advanced") requirements established by the International Telecommunications Union- Radiocommunication Sector ("ITU-R"). Topics within the current study item include bandwidth extensions beyond 20 megahertz ("MHz"), communication link relays, cooperative multiple input/multiple output ("MIMO"), multiple uplink access schemes, and enhancements of MIME.
    [007] To provide accurate detection of a received signal in a wireless communication system, it is generally necessary to transmit a reference signal that is embedded in a signal such as an OFDM signal to enable calibration of an oscillator/local clock, assistance with channel estimation, demodulation and decoding in one receiver. The reference signal can be constructed from a Gold code, and the reference signal is generally reset in each subframe of a transmission sequence and depends on the user equipment identification ("UE ID"), the identification of base station ("ID"), the physical resource block allocation, and the number of subframes. Communication problems such as orthogonality between user equipment, suppression of mutual interference between user equipment, and the necessary accounting processes associated with generating a reference signal dependent on many variables result in substantial complexities and trade-offs for communication management among a large number of end users.
    [008] In view of the growing deployment of communication systems such as cellular communication systems, additional improvements are needed for the generation of reference signals. Therefore, what is needed in the art is a system and method that avoids the associated reference signal deficiencies of conventional communication systems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [009] These and other problems are generally solved or circumvented, and technical effects are generally achieved, by embodiments of the present invention, which include an apparatus and method for initializing and mapping reference signals in a communication system. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a processor and memory including computer program code. The memory and computer program code are configured to, with the processor, cause the apparatus to generate a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks corresponding to a bandwidth of a communication system, and allocate resource elements of a physical resource block assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment. The memory and computer program code are further configured to, with the processor, cause the apparatus to generate a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment by allocating reference signal elements according to resource elements allocated from the assigned physical resource block.
    [0010] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to an apparatus including means for generating a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks corresponding to a bandwidth of a communication system, and means for allocating resource elements of a physical resource block assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment. The apparatus also includes means for generating a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal in accordance with allocated resource elements from the assigned physical resource block.
    [0011] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to a computer program product including a program code stored on a computer readable medium configured to generate a reference signal employable with a plurality of corresponding physical resource blocks to a bandwidth of a communication system, and allocate resource elements from an assigned physical resource block of the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment. The program code stored on the computer readable medium is also configured to generate a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal in accordance with allocated resource elements from the assigned physical resource block.
    [0012] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method including generating a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks corresponding to a bandwidth of a communication system, and allocating resource elements of an assigned physical resource block of the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment. The method also includes generating a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal according to allocated resource elements from the assigned physical resource block.
    [0013] The foregoing has preferably broadly outlined the technical characteristics and effects of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention which follows may be better understood. Additional technical features and effects of the invention will be described below in the present document, which form the object of embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the design and specific embodiment disclosed can be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures or processes to accomplish the same purposes as the present invention. It should also be idealized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as stated in the attached embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0014] For a more complete understanding of the invention, and the technical effects thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [0015] FIGURES 1 and 2 illustrate system level diagrams of embodiments of communication systems including a base station and wireless communication devices that provide an environment for applying the principles of the present invention;
    FIGURES 3 and 4 illustrate system level diagrams of embodiments of communication systems including a wireless communication system that provides an environment for applying the principles of the present invention;
    [0017] FIGURE 5 illustrates a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication element of a communication system for applying the principles of the present invention;
    [0018] FIGURE 6 illustrates a time and frequency diagram illustrating one embodiment of a reference signal transmitted between a base station and user equipment formed with time subframes represented along the horizontal axis and frequency subcarriers represented along of the vertical axis, in accordance with the principles of the present invention; and
    [0019] FIGURE 7 illustrates a flowchart demonstrating an exemplary process for initializing and mapping reference signals in a communication system in accordance with the principles of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE MODALITIES
    [0020] The preparation and use of the presently preferred embodiments are discussed in detail below. It should be appreciated, however, that the present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be incorporated in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific embodiments discussed are merely illustrative of specific ways to make and use the invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention. In view of the foregoing, the present invention will be described with respect to exemplary embodiments in a specific context of an apparatus, system and method for generating reference signals and allocating associated resources in a communication system. Although the apparatus, system and method described herein are described with reference to a 3GPP LTE communication system, they can be applied to any communication system such as a WiMAX communication system.
    [0021] Turning now to FIGURE 1, there is illustrated a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication system including a base station 115 and wireless communication devices (e.g., user equipment) 135, 140, 145 that provides an environment for applying the principles of the present invention. Base station 115 is coupled to a public switched telephone network or a packet switched network (not shown). Base station 115 is configured with a plurality of antennas to transmit and receive signals in a plurality of sectors including a first sector 120, a second sector 125, and a third sector 130, each of which typically distributes 120 degrees. Although FIGURE 1 illustrates a wireless communication device (for example, wireless communication device 140) in each sector (for example, the first sector 120), a sector (for example, the first sector 120) can generally contain a plurality of wireless communication devices. In an alternative embodiment, a base station 115 can be formed with only one sector (eg, the first sector 120), and multiple base stations can be constructed to transmit in accordance with collaborative/cooperative MIMO operation ("C-MIMO" ), etc. Sectors (eg first sector 120) are formed by focusing and phasing the radiated signals from base station antennas, and separate antennas can be employed per sector (eg first sector 120). The plurality of sectors 120, 125, 130 increases the number of subscriber stations (e.g. wireless communication devices 135, 140, 145) that can communicate simultaneously with base station 115 without the need to increase bandwidth used by the reduction of interference that results from focusing and phasing base station antennas.
    [0022] Turning now to FIGURE 2, a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication system including wireless communication devices that provides an environment for applying the principles of the present invention is illustrated. The communication system includes a base station 210 coupled by the communication path or link 220 (e.g., by a fiber optic communication path) to a main telecommunications network such as a public switched telephone network ("PSTN") 230 or a packet switched network. Base station 210 is coupled by wireless communication paths or links 240, 250 to wireless communication devices 260, 270, respectively, which are located within its cellular area 290.
    [0023] In the operation of the communication system illustrated in FIGURE 2, base station 210 communicates with each wireless communication device 260, 270 through data communication and control resources allocated by base station 210 on communication paths 240, 250 , respectively. Data and control communication features may include time and frequency slot communication features in frequency division duplex ("FDD") and/or time division duplex ("TDD") communication modes.
    [0024] Turning now to FIGURE 3, a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication system including a wireless communication system that provides an environment for applying the principles of the present invention is illustrated. The wireless communication system can be configured to provide universal mobile telecommunication services of an evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network ("E-UTRAN"). A mobile management system/entity architecture evolution gateway ("MME/SAE GW," one of which is designated 310) provides control functionality for an E-UTRAN B node (designated "eNB", an "evolved B-node" ", also referred to as a "base station", one of which is designated 320) via a communication link S1 (one of which is designated "S1 link"). The 320 base stations communicate via X2 communication links (referred to as "X2 link"). The various communication links are typically fiber, microwave, or other high frequency metallic communication paths such as coaxial links, or combinations thereof.
    [0025] Base stations 320 communicate with user equipment ("UE," one of which is designated 330), which is typically a mobile transceiver carried by a user. Thus, communication links (called "Uu" communication links, one of which is designated "Uu link") coupling base stations 320 to user equipment 330 are air links employing a wireless communication signal such as, for example, an orthogonal frequency division multiplex ("OFDM") signal.
    [0026] Turning now to FIGURE 4, a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication system including a wireless communication system that provides an environment for applying the principles of the present invention is illustrated. The wireless communication system provides an E-UTRAN architecture including base stations (one of which is designated 410) providing E-UTRAN (Control/Radio Link Control Packet Data Convergence Protocol) user plane terminations access plan/physical) and control plane (radio resource control) toward user equipment (one of which is designated 420). The 410 base stations are interconnected with X2 interfaces or communication links (designated "X2"). The base stations 410 are also connected by S1 interfaces or communication links (designated "S1") to an evolved packet core ("EPC") including a mobile management system/entity evolution gateway ("MME/SAE") GW," one of which is designated 430). The S1 interface supports a multi-entity relationship between the mobile management system/entity evolution gateway 430 and the base stations 410. For applications supporting inter-public land mobile handover, inter-eNB active mode mobility is supported by relocation of 430 mobile management entity/system architecture evolution gateway via the S1 interface.
    [0027] The 410 base stations can host functions such as radio resource management. For example, base stations 410 may perform functions such as internet protocol ("IP") header compression and encryption of user data streams, encoding of user data streams, radio transmission control, admission control by radio, link mobility control, dynamic allocation of resources to user equipment in both the uplink and downlink, selection of a mobility management entity in the user equipment union, routing of user plane data towards the entity of user plan, scheduling and transmission of location messages (originated from the mobility management entity), scheduling and transmission of diffusion information (originated from the mobility management entity or operations and maintenance), and measurement and reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling. The mobile management system/entity evolution gateway 430 can host functions such as distribution of location messages to base stations 410, security control, termination of user plan packets for paging reasons, user plan switching to support user equipment mobility, idle mobility control, and system architecture evolution transmission control. User equipment 420 receives an allocation of a group of information blocks from base stations 410.
    [0028] Turning now to FIGURE 5, a system level diagram of an embodiment of a communication element 510 of a communication system for applying the principles of the present invention is illustrated. The communication element or device 510 may represent, without limitation, a base station, user equipment (e.g., a subscriber station, terminal, mobile station, wireless communication device), a network control element, a node of communication, or the like. Communication element 510 includes at least a processor 520, memory 550 which stores programs and data of a temporary or more permanent nature, an antenna 560, and a radio frequency transceiver 570 coupled to the antenna 560 and the processor 520 for communication. bidirectional wireless. Communication element 510 may provide point-to-point and/or point-to-multipoint communication services.
    [0029] Communication element 510, such as a base station in a cellular network, may be coupled to a communication element network, such as a network control element 580 of a public switched telecommunication network ("PSTN" ) or a packet switched network. Network control element 580 may, in turn, be formed with a processor, memory, and other electronic elements (not shown). Network control element 580 generally provides access to a telecommunication network such as a PSTN. Access may be provided using fiber optic, coaxial, twisted pair, microwave, or similar link coupled to an appropriate link termination element. A communication element 510 formed as user equipment is generally a self-contained device intended to be carried by an end user.
    [0030] Processor 520 in communication element 510, which can be implemented with one or a plurality of processing devices, performs functions associated with its operation including, without limitation, encoding and decoding (encoder/decoder 523) of individual bits forming a communication message, information formatting, and global control (controller 525) of the communication element, including processes related to resource management (resource manager 528). Exemplary functions related to resource management include, without limitation, hardware installation, traffic management, performance data analysis, end user and equipment tracking, configuration management, end user administration, user equipment management, management fees, subscriptions, and billing, and the like. For example, according to memory 550, resource manager 528 is configured to allocate time and frequency communication resources for data transmission to/from communication element 510 during, for example, multi-user MIMO modes (also referred to as "MU-MIMO") operation and format messages including the communication facilities for the same.
    [0031] Accordingly, resource manager 528 includes a sequence generator 531 configured to generate a reference signal in a time-frequency order (e.g., a frequency first order) employable with a plurality of blocks of physical resource. Resource manager 528 also includes a resource allocator 532 configured to allocate resource elements from one or more assigned physical resource blocks of the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment, and generate a dedicated reference signal for the equipment. through the allocation of reference signal elements to the allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block(s).
    [0032] The execution of all or portions of particular functions or processes related to resource management can be performed in equipment separate from and/or coupled to the communication element 510, with the results of such functions or processes communicated for the execution to the element of communication element 510. Processor 520 of communication element 510 may be of any type suitable for the local application environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors ("DSPs" "), field-programmable gate arrays ("FPGAs"), application-specific integrated circuits ("ASICs"), and processors based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
    [0033] The transceiver 570 of the communication element 510 modulates the information into a carrier waveform for transmission by the communication element 510 via the antenna 560 to another communication element. Transceiver 570 demodulates information received via antenna 560 for further processing by other communication elements. Transceiver 570 is capable of supporting duplex operation for communication element 510.
    [0034] The memory 550 of the communication element 510, as introduced above, may be one or more memories and of any type suitable for the local application environment, and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or non-volatile data storage technology such as such as a semiconductor-based memory device, a magnetic memory device and system, an optical memory device and system, fixed memory, and removable memory. Programs stored in memory 550 may include program instructions or computer program code which, when executed by an associated processor, enables communication element 510 to perform tasks as described herein. Of course, memory 550 may form a data buffer for data transmitted to and from communication element 510. Exemplary system embodiments, subsystems, and modules as described herein may be implemented, at least in part, by computer software executable by processors of, for example, user equipment and base station, or by hardware, or combinations thereof. As will become more apparent, systems, subsystems and modules may be incorporated in communication element 510 as illustrated and described herein.
    [0035] A process is introduced in this document to create a dedicated reference signal for user equipment (also referred to as a "user equipment specific reference signal ("URS")), its sequence initialization, and mapping to resource elements of physical resource blocks ("PRBs"). The sequence of elements in a reference signal, each of which may be of complex value, may also be referred to in this document as a "reference signal sequence". " or "reference signal scrambling sequence". The dedicated reference signal is employed as a demodulation reference signal in a downlink ("DL") from a base station to user equipment, as described in 3GPP Technical Report ( "TR") 36.814, vl.0.0, entitled "Further Advancements for E-UTRA Physical Layer Aspects", and in 3GPP Work Item Description Document RP-090359, entitled "Enhanced DL transmission for LTE", which are incorporated herein of document by reference. A dedicated reference signal is usually present in physical resource blocks scheduled for user equipment and in transmitted spatial layers. A reference signal goes through the same precoding operation as the corresponding data channel. Important benefits of a dedicated reference signal are unrestricted precoding, no need for a precoding matrix indicator transmitted in downlink signaling, and reduced overall reference signal overhead compared to the use of non-precoding reference signals. -common encoded (because of the number of dedicated reference symbol scales with broadcast punctuation).
    [0036] The initialization and mapping of a dedicated reference signal in presently known 3GPP systems has the following characteristics as described in 3GPP TS 36.211, v8.0.0, entitled "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation ", and in 3GPP Technical Document ("Tdoc") R1-081106, entitled "Way Forward on Scrambling Sequence Initialisation", produced by Nokia Siemens Networks, Nokia, Ericsson, Qualcomm, Samsung, Panasonic, and Motorola, which are incorporated herein document by reference. A dedicated reference signal is produced with a reset period of one subframe (e.g., 1 millisecond ("ms")) and a sequence periodicity of a radio frame (e.g., 10 ms). The dedicated reference signal is transmitted as a Gold code sequence modulated into a quadrature phase shift keyed ("QPSK") signal. The dedicated reference signal is initialized with a value dependent on the user equipment identification ("UE ID", also known as temporary cell radio network identifier "C-RNTI"), the cell identification ("cell "ID" , also known as the physical cell ID) of a communication system, and the number of subframes. The dedicated reference signal is then mapped to allocated resource elements ("REs") of assigned physical resource blocks of a subframe employing a time-frequency order. In a time-frequency order, the dedicated reference signal time/frequency components are mapped to a set of frequencies in a physical resource block at a particular time step, and then mapped to another set of frequencies in that block. physical resource at a later time step. The generation and allocation of dedicated reference signal resources described in Release 8 of the 3GPP specifications reuse most of the principles of associated physical downlink shared channel mapping and scrambling ("PDSCH").
    [0037] For a dedicated reference signal as described above, the sequence and phase content in a given subframe of a given cell depend on the UE ID (e.g., cell radio network temporary identifier ("C-RNTI" ") or semi-persistent scheduling ("SPS") C-RNTI), and also the assignment of the physical resource block to the user equipment. This known structure allows for the possibility of transparent MU-MIMO operation in transmission mode 7, as described in 3GPP TS 36.213, v8.0.0, entitled "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Layer Procedures," which is incorporated in this document by reference. Two or more user equipment allocated overlapping sets of physical resource blocks can be spatially separated as well as their dedicated reference signal can be transmitted in overlapping resource elements that are quasi-orthogonal due to the use of different UE IDs.
    [0038] However, techniques that have been discussed in the industry include the use of orthogonal demodulation reference signals ("DM-RSs") between space division multiplexed ("SDM") users within a cell or multiple cells (by example, code division multiplex ("CDM") based reference signals). Multi-cell MUMIMO are also known as coordinated multipoint transmit/receive ("CoMP"), as described in 3GPP TS 36.814, v1.0.0, cited above in this document.
    [0039] A problem that has also been discussed in the industry is the ability to track and suppress multi-user ("MU") interference from space-division multiplexed user(s), as described in 3GPP Tdoc Rl-092771, entitled "Beamforming Based MU-MIMO", and in PCT Application No. PCT/IB2010/000691, entitled "System and Method for Signaling of Interfering Spatial Layers with Dedicated Reference Signals", filed March 26, 2010, based on the application Patent Serial No. 61/164,249. These documents are incorporated herein by reference. This problem may require the content and phase of the dedicated reference signal to be invariant to the UE ID and the assigned physical resource block(s).
    [0040] Thus, a reference signal generation and resource mapping arrangement employing common reference signal mapping and initialization as described in 3GPP TS 36.211, v8.7.0, cited above in the present document, is known, in which the signal The reference signal has a reset period dependent on each OFDM symbol (reference signal transmission) and the reference signal periodicity (typical) 10 ms. The reference signal is QPSK or BPSK modulated, and the reference signal sequence is initialized with a value dependent on a cell ID, number of subframes (or slot number within a radio frame), and number of OFDM symbol (within a subframe/slot), but without a UE ID. For the mapping of each OFDM symbol, the reference signal sequence is generated assuming the complete system bandwidth, and then the middle sequence part corresponding to the actual bandwidth of the cell is transmitted so that the phase of the sequence in the middle of the bandwidth is invariant on system bandwidth. In addition, 3GPP Tdoc R1-090875 entitled "Further Considerations and Link Simulations on Reference Signals in LTE-A", produced by Qualcomm, which is incorporated herein by reference, indicates that the dedicated reference signal sequence should be common to all cells participating in multi-cell transmission (CoMP transmission points) to a user equipment (for joint transmission and processing) without specifying an exact solution. Furthermore, it appears that the use of physical resource block specific scrambling (eg by adding a PRB/PRB pair index as a sequence initializer) is suggested by 3GPP Tdoc Rl-092584, entitled "Downlink Multi- Cell Demodulation Reference Signal Design", which is incorporated herein by reference. It should be noted that in 3GPP Technical Specifications Release-8, a common reference signal does not include a UE ID.
    [0041] A disadvantage of the common reference signal method is that it departs from the general principles of initialization and dedicated reference signal mapping as described in 3GPP Technical Specifications Release-8 such as a reset period of a subframe mapping and frequency first to resource elements. A disadvantage of adding a physical resource block ID as an additional initialization element for a dedicated reference signal sequence is that it creates multiple short sequences within an assignment of one or more physical resource blocks to user equipment. Furthermore, it consumes initialization space, which is a maximum of 31 bits, which could be a scarce resource considering other possible extensions of the dedicated reference signal initialization (eg a longer multi-cell ID instead of an ID of cell). Finally, removing the UE ID from the set of dedicated reference signal initialization elements could restrict the MU-MIMO operation to space division multiplexing for the number of user equipment implied by the number of orthogonal dedicated reference signal ports, or produce a channel estimation phase mismatch in the case where the same dedicated reference signal resource elements and sequences (without a code division multiplexing separation) are used for multiple users.
    [0042] As introduced in this document, a dedicated reference signal is generated for each subframe assuming a bandwidth formed from a plurality of physical resource blocks (e.g., the maximum system bandwidth or a full bandwidth of a given cell), and the relevant part(s) of the sequence that are used are limited by the physical resource block allocation of the user equipment. As a result, the phase and contents of the dedicated reference signal in one or more assigned physical resource blocks are predictable, but the actual assignment of the user equipment physical resource block(s) can be random. In the simplest case, this operation assumes that the UE ID is not used to initialize the scrambling sequence, and the scrambling sequence mapping is assumed to be frequency first, assuming the full physical resource block allocation in bandwidth of the communication system (for example, the maximum possible bandwidth or a full bandwidth of a cell of the communication system). The scrambling sequence, prior to transmission, can be multiplexed into symbols with an orthogonal code such as a Walsh code (the orthogonal code is used to separate spatial layers of one or multiple user equipment). This scrambling operation of generating a dedicated reference signal in accordance with an exemplary embodiment is illustrated in FIGURE 6 as described below. As a separate step to enable dynamic shift in and out of MU-MIMO based on orthogonal dedicated reference signal and MU-MIMO based on quasi-orthogonal dedicated reference signal (and individual user-MIMO), the UE ID (for example, a C-RNTI) can be included in the dedicated reference signal scrambling sequence initialization depending on an indicator bit (for example, a multi-user indicator bit).
    [0043] Turning now to FIGURE 6, a time and frequency diagram illustrating one embodiment of a reference signal transmitted between a base station and user equipment formed with time subframes represented along the horizontal axis and subcarriers is illustrated. frequency plotted along the vertical axis in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The system bandwidth or the full bandwidth of a cell associated with a base station is represented by the vertical extent 605 of the subframe. A group of 12 frequency subcarriers represents a physical resource block, and a particular subcarrier frequency at a particular time step represents a resource element, such as resource element 610. One or more physical resource blocks may be assigned to a particular user equipment, or a plurality of user equipments may be assigned to one or more physical resource blocks in MIMO operation. For example, user equipment A is assigned to one physical resource block (one PRB pair) and user equipment B is assigned to two physical resource blocks (two PRB pairs).
    [0044] A dedicated reference signal is assigned to a set of resource elements allocated in a first frequency mapping arrangement, wherein a first element (or a first pair of elements) of a reference signal is assigned to an element of resource such as resource element (or pair of resource elements) 615, and the second element (or second pair of elements) of the reference signal is assigned to a second resource element such as resource element (or pair of resource elements) 620. The continuation of the reference signal element allocations to later allocated resource elements proceeds as indicated by the dashed arrows in FIGURE 6, with the allocated resource elements designated as dashed boxes. It should also be noted that an in the FIGURE represents the nth scrambling sequence symbol (a scrambling sequence bit pair for QPSK scrambling or a scrambling sequence bit for BPSK scrambling) and k in the FIGURE represents the number of allocated resource elements on a dedicated reference signal transmitting OFDM symbol assuming full cell bandwidth (or maximum system bandwidth) of a communication system. Also, the elements of a pseudo noise code sequence are used within the physical resource block allocation of the user equipment.
    [0045] The example illustrated in FIGURE 6 assumes resource element allocation of the reference signal as described in 3GPP Tdoc R1-092554, entitled "UE-Specific Reference Symbols for Dual Layer Beamforming", produced by Nokia and Nokia Siemens Networks, 3GPP Tdoc R1-092556, entitled "UE-Specific Reference Symbol Multiplexing for LTE Advanced Downlink", and in 3GPP Tdoc R1-092686, entitled "Link Analyzes of Different Reference Signal Designs for Dual-Stream Beamforming", produced by Qualcomm, which are incorporated in this document by reference. Of course, the principles of the present invention are not limited to the reference signal pattern or multiplexing scheme described above. With this pattern and multiplexing scheme, an orthogonal code of length two runs along two adjacent resource elements in time so that two individual user layers MIMO ("SU-MIMO") or two MU-MIMO users can be assigned to separate orthogonal dedicated reference signal ports. Two spatial layers are an example of providing additional signal separation from user equipment, and such a scheme naturally extends to an arbitrary number of layers and antenna ports.
    [0046] As can be seen in FIGURE 6, the phase and content of dedicated reference signal scrambling sequence in a given resource element is invariant to the assignment of the physical resource block(s). Thus, user equipment A, to which the first orthogonal code is assigned, can know the dedicated reference signal sequence (in this case a scrambling symbol sequence such as a Gold code multiplied with an orthogonal code sequence such as a code Walsh) from other user equipment that uses the same time-frequency resources due to possible MUMIMO operation. This example uses a dedicated reference signal structure on the basis of code division multiplexing, but the process is also applicable to time division multiplexing ("TDM"), frequency division multiplexing ("FDM"), or time division multiplexing ("FDM") structures. hybrid dedicated reference signal.
    [0047] An aspect of this invention that is also applicable to the methods mentioned above in this document is related to enabling dynamic switching in and out of MIMO transmission schemes, which may be MU-MIMO based on orthogonal dedicated reference signal , MU-MIMO based on quasi-orthogonal dedicated reference signal and multilayer spatial multiplexing. This aspect is also applicable to known reference signal formation and allocation processes described earlier herein above. In the context of the Work Item described in 3GPP WID RP-090359 entitled "Enhanced DL transmission for LTE", cited above in this document, the need for signaling (dynamic, semi-static or implicit) of the following information elements or a combination of these was discussed.
    [0048] The number of layers/codewords enabled (eg 1 or 2) is discussed in 3GPP Tdoc Rl-092553, entitled "DL Control Signaling for Dual-layer Beamforming in Rel'9", produced by Nokia and Nokia Siemens Networks, and 3GPP Tdoc R1-092632 entitled "Control Signaling for LTE Rel-9 Enhanced DL transmission" produced by Motorola, which documents are incorporated herein by reference. The number and index of the orthogonal code dedicated reference signal port (e.g., number 0/number 1) is discussed in 3GPP Tdoc R1-092632, cited earlier above in this document. This signaling could be relevant when the number of layers enabled or the transmission score is one. The multiuser indication (presence/absence) of one or more paired multiusers in the same (or a subset/superset of) allocated physical resource blocks is described in document 3GPP Tdoc Rl-092632, previously mentioned above in this document, and in PCT Application No. PCT/IB2010/000691, cited above in this document. Again, this signaling could be relevant when the number of allowed layers or transmission score is one. In the case where an indicator such as an absence of multiuser indicator signals from one or more paired multiusers, the user equipment and base station include the UE ID in the dedicated reference signal scrambling sequence initialization enabling user transmission individual or MU-MIMO transmission based on a quasi-orthogonal dedicated reference signal with an arbitrary number of multiusers. Multi-user interference suppression/tracing is generally not possible in this case, but it is therefore not expected that the user equipment will not perform this interference suppression. In general (when using quasi-orthogonal dedicated reference signal), multi-user spatial interference is also assumed to be low so that spatial interference cancellation is not necessarily necessary. In the case where an indicator such as a multiuser indicator signals the presence of paired multiuser(s), the user equipment and the base station do not include the UE ID in the dedicated reference signal sequence initialization enabling MU- MIMO based on orthogonal dedicated reference signal and/or possibly multi-user interference suppression/tracking and/or by detecting the presence of multi-user physical resource block. In this case, the number of space division multiplexed multiusers can be limited by the number of orthogonal dedicated reference signal ports.
    [0049] Processes for reference signal construction and resource allocation as introduced in this document can be combined with the solution of including antenna gate index in reference signal sequence initialization without a need for additional signaling as described in 3GPP Tdoc R1-080940, entitled "Scrambling Sequence Initialization", produced by Nokia Siemens Networks and Nokia, and 3GPP Tdoc document R1-080640, entitled "Specification Details for PRS Sequences", produced by Qualcomm, which documents are incorporated in the this document by reference. When the scrambling sequences of dedicated reference signal in different layers do not have to be the same (e.g. due to code division multiplexing of the dedicated reference signal of different multi-users or code division multiplexing of different individual user layers ), it is also preferable to use the gate reference signal/gate group index in reference signal initialization to avoid correlated inter-cell interference due to the same transmitted sequences in different resource elements.
    [0050] A number of technical effects arise from the construction of a reference signal and the associated allocation of a resource as introduced in this document. The scrambling of the reference signal is now invariant, because the scrambling sequence of the dedicated reference signal in a given PRB does not depend on the actual PRB allocation. Functionality reuse exists because most of the scrambling sequence principles previously developed in the 3GPP specifications such as QPSK modulation, frequency mapping first, by subframe reset can be reused in later publications of these specifications to comply with new requirements over dedicated reference signal multiplexed by orthogonal code division between multi-users, and/or allowing detection/suppression of multi-user interference. Compared to previous publications of the 3GPP specification, from the point of view of a base station, now a single dedicated reference signal scrambling sequence can be generated per subframe independent of the number of user equipment divided by division multiplex. frequency. For dynamic switching of MU-MIMO based on orthogonal and quasi-orthogonal dedicated reference signals, selectively including or excluding the UE ID from the dedicated reference signal scrambling sequence initialization allows a base station to perform a compensation between the number. of supported multiusers and their mutual reference signal orthogonality.
    [0051] Turning now to FIGURE 7, a flowchart is illustrated demonstrating an exemplary method for initializing and mapping reference signals in a communication system in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The method begins at a module or step (hereafter "module") 710. In a module 720, a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks is generated according to a time-frequency order. In a module 730, resource elements from one or more assigned physical resource blocks of the plurality of physical resource blocks are allocated to a user equipment. In a module 740, a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment is generated by allocating elements of the reference signal to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block(s). The dedicated reference signal can be generated in accordance with a user equipment ID, a cell ID, the assigned physical resource block, and a number of subframes associated with the assigned physical resource block. The method ends at module 750.
    [0052] Thus, an apparatus (eg a processor) and method employable in a base station or user equipment is introduced in this document for the initialization and mapping of reference signals in a communication system. In one embodiment, the processor is configured to generate a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks (eg, via a sequence generator). The reference signal can be generated according to a time-frequency order, and according to a pseudo noise code such as a Gold code. The plurality of physical resource blocks typically distribute a range of time and frequency components and may distribute a bandwidth of one cell.
    [0053] The processor is also configured to allocate resource elements from one or more physical resource blocks assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment, and generate a dedicated reference signal for the user equipment through the allocation of reference signal elements to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block(s) (eg via a resource allocator). Resource elements allocated typically include time and frequency components. The dedicated reference signal can be generated according to an antenna port index of the user equipment or an index of a code group. Additionally, the dedicated reference signal can be generated in accordance with a user equipment ID, a cell ID of a communication system, the assigned physical resource block, and a number of subframes associated with the physical resource block. assigned.
    [0054] Program or code segments constituting the various embodiments of the present invention may be stored on a computer readable medium or transmitted by a computer data signal embedded in a carrier wave, or a signal modulated by a carrier, in a medium of transmission. For example, a computer program product including a program code stored on a computer readable medium can form various embodiments of the present invention. "Computer-readable medium" can include any medium that can store or transfer information. Examples of computer-readable media include an electronic circuit, a semiconductor memory device, a read-only memory ("ROM"), a flash memory, an erasable ROM ("EROM"), a floppy diskette, a compact disk (" CD")-ROM, an optical disk, a hard disk, a fiber-optic medium, a radio frequency ("RF") link, and the like. The computer data signal can include any signal that can propagate over a transmission medium such as electronic communication network channels, optical fibers, air, electromagnetic links, RF links, and the like. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, Intranet, and the like.
    [0055] As described above, the exemplary embodiment provides both a method and corresponding apparatus consisting of several modules providing functionality to carry out the method steps. Modules can be implemented as hardware (built into one or more chips including an integrated circuit such as an application-specific integrated circuit), or can be implemented as software or firmware for execution by a computer processor. In particular, in the case of firmware or software, the exemplary embodiment may be provided as a computer program product including a computer readable storage medium incorporating the computer program code (i.e., software or firmware) therein for the run by the computer's processor.
    [0056] Although the present invention and its technical effects have been described in detail, it is to be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made in this document without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended embodiments. For example, many of the features and functions discussed above can be implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or a combination thereof. Also, many of its features, functions and operating steps can be reordered, omitted, added, etc., and still fall within the broad scope of the present invention.
    [0057] In addition, the scope of this application is not intended to be limited to the particular modalities of the process, machine, fabrication, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the descriptive report. As an ordinary person skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the description of the present invention, processes, machines, fabrication, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein can be used according to the present invention. Accordingly, the accompanying embodiments are intended to include within its scope such processes, machines, fabrication, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. Device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: at least one processor; and memory storing a method; wherein the memory and the method stored therein, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the steps of: generating a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks, the plurality of physical resource blocks. physical resource spanning a range of frequency and time components corresponding to the full bandwidth of a communication system, allocate resource elements of a physical resource block assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment, and generate a dedicated reference signal sequence for the user equipment by allocating reference signal elements in accordance with allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block and in accordance with an antenna port index of the user equipment, and initializing the Dedicated reference signal sequence in each subframe according to a subframe number.
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the memory and the method stored in it, with the processor, cause the apparatus to generate the dedicated reference signal according to information related to equipment identification. user or cell identification of the communication system.
    [0003]
    3. Apparatus, according to claim 1, characterized in that the memory and the method stored in it, with the processor, cause the apparatus to generate the reference signal according to a time-frequency order.
    [0004]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the memory and the method stored in it, with the processor, cause the apparatus to generate the dedicated reference signal by allocating elements of the reference signal to the elements resources allocated from the assigned physical resource block in a frequency mapping arrangement first.
    [0005]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the allocated resource elements comprise time and frequency components.
    [0006]
    6. Non-transient computer-readable medium storing a method, characterized in that the method, when executed by a processor, configures an apparatus to perform at least the steps of: generating a reference signal employable with a plurality of resource blocks physical, the plurality of physical resource blocks spanning a frequency and time component range corresponding to the full bandwidth of a communication system, allocate resource elements of a physical resource block assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment, and generate a dedicated reference signal sequence for the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal according to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block and according to an antenna port index of the user equipment, and initialize the dedicated reference signal sequence in each subframe according to a su number. b-frame.
    [0007]
    7. Non-transient computer readable medium according to claim 6, characterized in that the method stored in the non-transient computer readable medium comprises the step of initializing the dedicated reference signal sequence according to information related to identification of user equipment or cell identification of the communication system.
    [0008]
    8. Method, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: generating a reference signal employable with a plurality of physical resource blocks, the plurality of physical resource blocks covering a frequency and time component range corresponding to the full bandwidth of a communication system, allocating resource elements of a physical resource block assigned from the plurality of physical resource blocks to a user equipment, and generating a dedicated reference signal sequence for the user equipment by allocating elements of the reference signal according to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block and according to a user equipment antenna port index, and initialize the dedicated reference signal sequence in each subframe according to a number of sub-framework.
    [0009]
    9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises the step of generating the dedicated reference signal according to information related to user equipment identification or cell identification of the communication system.
    [0010]
    10. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises the step of generating the reference signal according to a time-frequency order.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises the step of generating the dedicated reference signal sequence by allocating elements of the reference signal to allocated resource elements of the assigned physical resource block in an arrangement frequency mapping first.
    [0012]
    Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the allocated resource elements comprise time and frequency components.
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    公开号 | 公开日
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    RU2012109646A|2013-09-27|
    EP2467967B1|2021-02-17|
    PL2467967T3|2021-11-02|
    CN102484579A|2012-05-30|
    DK2467967T3|2021-03-22|
    CN102484579B|2015-03-04|
    ES2854824T3|2021-09-23|
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    法律状态:
    2018-02-06| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY (FI) |
    2018-08-14| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: BEIJING XIAOMI MOBILE SOFTWARE CO., LTD. (CN) |
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-21| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: A CLASSIFICACAO ANTERIOR ERA: H04L 7/06 Ipc: H04L 5/00 (2006.01), H04W 48/08 (2009.01), H04W 72 |
    2021-02-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 20/04/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US23453409P| true| 2009-08-17|2009-08-17|
    US61/234,534|2009-08-17|
    PCT/IB2010/053711|WO2011021154A1|2009-08-17|2010-08-17|Apparatus and method for initialization and mapping of reference signals in a communication system|
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